Romy Worst, B.A., KPZ, Netherlands: The Dutch School System

Since the introduction of compulsory education in 1901, the Dutch education system has developed through many laws and reforms shaped by social and historical changes. Industrialization, democratization, and especially long-standing migration have played an important role in shaping education in the Netherlands. As a result, Dutch schools have developed a strong focus on equal opportunities, and diversity.Education has always been highly valued in Dutch society as a key factor for social participation and cohesion.

The Netherlands is known for its progressive education system, offering a wide range of school concepts such as Montessori, Dalton, Jenaplan, Steiner (Waldorf), bilingual education, and inclusive education, alongside regular public and private schools. School attendance is compulsory until the age of 18, and parents and students are free to choose the school that best fits their needs. This freedom of choice supports educational equality and helps maintain high educational quality.

This presentation outlines the development and structure of preschool, primary, and secondary education in the Netherlands, key laws and reforms, and changing teaching approaches. It concludes with current challenges and future perspectives of the Dutch education system, which has been shaped by both national history and European educational ideas.