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University of Graz News Tierische Kost

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Thursday, 25 February 2021

Tierische Kost

Die Krötenechse hat eine Strategie entwickelt, wie sie die Ernteameise trotz gefährlicher Mundwerkzeuge und Giftstachel fressen kann.

Die Krötenechse hat eine Strategie entwickelt, wie sie die Ernteameise trotz gefährlicher Mundwerkzeuge und Giftstachel fressen kann.

Wenn giftige Insekten auf der Zunge zergehen: BiologInnen der Universität Graz enträtseln Fressstrategie von Echsen

Wie zergeht ein Leckerbissen, dessen Genuss allerdings hochriskant ist, ohne Reue buchstäblich auf der Zunge? Die Krötenechse hat eine Strategie entwickelt, wie sie die Ernteameise trotz gefährlicher Mundwerkzeuge und Giftstachel fressen kann. ForscherInnen der Universität Graz haben gemeinsam mit Zoologen aus den USA und Deutschland die gefinkelte Technik zum ersten Mal entschlüsselt.

Es war lange ein Rätsel, das ZoologInnen nun gelüftet haben. Krötenechsen, die vor allem in südwestlichen US-Bundesstaaten wie Arizona leben, ernähren sich fast ausschließlich von Ernteameisen. Nur: Wie gelingt es ihnen, dabei nicht vom giftigen Stachel im Hinterleib und den überaus kräftigen Beißwerkzeugen der Insekten verletzt oder gar getötet zu werden? „In der Evolution entsteht gleichsam ein Hochrüsten“, erklärt Boris Chagnaud, Professor am Institut für Biologie der Universität Graz. „Auf eine Verteidigungstaktik eines Tieres reagiert ein Widersacher mit einer Gegenwaffe.“ So also auch die Krötenechse, wie Erstautorin und Uni-Graz-Kollegin Ismene Fertschai, Chagnaud sowie Kollegen aus Tucson (USA) und Tübingen (D) zeigten. „Die Echse drückt mit der Zunge auf das Insekt, dreht es auf dem Rücken in das Maul und verpackt es in einen Schleim, der die Beute außer Gefecht setzt und den Giftapparat neutralisiert“, schildern die beiden WissenschafterInnen.

Das Forschungsergebnis wurde samt eindrucksvollem Videobeweis auf der Plattform Biology Open publiziert.

>> Video

created by Andreas Schweiger

Related news

Semester abroad without barriers: University of Graz wins award for promoting inclusion

The University of Graz has been awarded the Internationalization Award for its new inclusion initiative. Students with fewer opportunities now also receive financial support for their semester abroad outside Europe.

Fair distribution: Researchers determine just greenhouse gas budgets for all EU regions

Ten years ago, on 12 December 2015, the Paris Climate Agreement was signed at the UN Climate Conference. In order to limit global warming to well below two degrees, only a certain amount of CO2 may be emitted worldwide. While the focus was originally on national emission targets, more than 200 subnational regions and almost 300 cities have now adopted their own targets. But how many emissions are they fairly entitled to? Researchers at the University of Graz have now developed transparent criteria for fair distribution at the subnational level for the first time and determined corresponding greenhouse gas budgets for all European regions. The paper was published today in the scientific journal Nature Communications.

Chemical Christmas show at the University of Graz: An explosive evening at the Schauspielh

At the beginning of December, the University of Graz transformed the theater into a laboratory: as part of “Chemical Life,” teacher training students staged a chemical Christmas show for Styrian school classes—complete with ethanol rockets, nitrogen snow, and glowing effects. An evening designed to inspire interest in studying chemistry.

Train by train: Koralm railway accelerates exchange between the Universities

Lectures at the University of Klagenfurt in the morning, seminars at the University of Graz in the afternoon: Austria's longest tunnel and a journey time of around 45 minutes make it easy. The Koralm railway increases the speed of networking between the two university locations. The collaboration builds on existing cooperation - for example in the areas of teacher training, Slavic studies and as employers, the universities are well coordinated.

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