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University of Graz News Tierische Kost

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Thursday, 25 February 2021

Tierische Kost

Die Krötenechse hat eine Strategie entwickelt, wie sie die Ernteameise trotz gefährlicher Mundwerkzeuge und Giftstachel fressen kann.

Die Krötenechse hat eine Strategie entwickelt, wie sie die Ernteameise trotz gefährlicher Mundwerkzeuge und Giftstachel fressen kann.

Wenn giftige Insekten auf der Zunge zergehen: BiologInnen der Universität Graz enträtseln Fressstrategie von Echsen

Wie zergeht ein Leckerbissen, dessen Genuss allerdings hochriskant ist, ohne Reue buchstäblich auf der Zunge? Die Krötenechse hat eine Strategie entwickelt, wie sie die Ernteameise trotz gefährlicher Mundwerkzeuge und Giftstachel fressen kann. ForscherInnen der Universität Graz haben gemeinsam mit Zoologen aus den USA und Deutschland die gefinkelte Technik zum ersten Mal entschlüsselt.

Es war lange ein Rätsel, das ZoologInnen nun gelüftet haben. Krötenechsen, die vor allem in südwestlichen US-Bundesstaaten wie Arizona leben, ernähren sich fast ausschließlich von Ernteameisen. Nur: Wie gelingt es ihnen, dabei nicht vom giftigen Stachel im Hinterleib und den überaus kräftigen Beißwerkzeugen der Insekten verletzt oder gar getötet zu werden? „In der Evolution entsteht gleichsam ein Hochrüsten“, erklärt Boris Chagnaud, Professor am Institut für Biologie der Universität Graz. „Auf eine Verteidigungstaktik eines Tieres reagiert ein Widersacher mit einer Gegenwaffe.“ So also auch die Krötenechse, wie Erstautorin und Uni-Graz-Kollegin Ismene Fertschai, Chagnaud sowie Kollegen aus Tucson (USA) und Tübingen (D) zeigten. „Die Echse drückt mit der Zunge auf das Insekt, dreht es auf dem Rücken in das Maul und verpackt es in einen Schleim, der die Beute außer Gefecht setzt und den Giftapparat neutralisiert“, schildern die beiden WissenschafterInnen.

Das Forschungsergebnis wurde samt eindrucksvollem Videobeweis auf der Plattform Biology Open publiziert.

>> Video

created by Andreas Schweiger

Related news

Electrifying: Researchers film the first moments on the way from light to electricity

Physicists at the University of Graz (Austria), in collaboration with colleagues from Marburg University and Forschungszentrum Jülich (Germany), have achieved a scientific breakthrough. For the first time, the generation of electrical energy from light has been filmed and described theoretically. This work is of far-reaching significance, not least for optimising sustainable energy production from photovoltaics. This is because it provides fundamental building blocks for understanding the physical processes that take place, for example, in organic solar cells. The paper was published in the journal Physical Review X, one of the world’s most prestigious physics journals.

University of Graz: Working together to make Styria a sustainable centre of learning

Round table calls for sustainable funding for the 2028–2030 performance agreement period between the five Styrian universities and the federal government.

How can we teach using YouTube and AI? The University of Graz is strengthening media education in schools

A journey through the blood vessels using VR headsets brings biology lessons to life. An interactive quiz brings physics to life. The YouTube video explains the First World War. Whilst mobile phones are increasingly being banned from the classroom, social media platforms, apps and AI are playing an ever-greater role in knowledge transfer at school. But how can teaching with media be made even more effective? What are the challenges in media-based teaching? At the University of Graz, researchers are discussing these issues at a conference being held in Austria for the first time.

Jurassic Sounds: Biologist reconstructs insect songs from 165 million years ago

It was apparently not just the roars of the dinosaurs that made up the soundscape of the animal world during the Jurassic period. Crickets and grasshoppers communicated through a variety of songs and high-pitched sounds, as Thorin Jonsson from the Institute of Biology at the University of Graz discovered together with colleagues from the universities of Lincoln, Bristol (UK), Beijing (China) and Tempe (USA). The findings on what are so far the oldest traces of sound on Earth have just been published in the journal PNAS.

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