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University of Graz News Tierische Kost

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Thursday, 25 February 2021

Tierische Kost

Die Krötenechse hat eine Strategie entwickelt, wie sie die Ernteameise trotz gefährlicher Mundwerkzeuge und Giftstachel fressen kann.

Die Krötenechse hat eine Strategie entwickelt, wie sie die Ernteameise trotz gefährlicher Mundwerkzeuge und Giftstachel fressen kann.

Wenn giftige Insekten auf der Zunge zergehen: BiologInnen der Universität Graz enträtseln Fressstrategie von Echsen

Wie zergeht ein Leckerbissen, dessen Genuss allerdings hochriskant ist, ohne Reue buchstäblich auf der Zunge? Die Krötenechse hat eine Strategie entwickelt, wie sie die Ernteameise trotz gefährlicher Mundwerkzeuge und Giftstachel fressen kann. ForscherInnen der Universität Graz haben gemeinsam mit Zoologen aus den USA und Deutschland die gefinkelte Technik zum ersten Mal entschlüsselt.

Es war lange ein Rätsel, das ZoologInnen nun gelüftet haben. Krötenechsen, die vor allem in südwestlichen US-Bundesstaaten wie Arizona leben, ernähren sich fast ausschließlich von Ernteameisen. Nur: Wie gelingt es ihnen, dabei nicht vom giftigen Stachel im Hinterleib und den überaus kräftigen Beißwerkzeugen der Insekten verletzt oder gar getötet zu werden? „In der Evolution entsteht gleichsam ein Hochrüsten“, erklärt Boris Chagnaud, Professor am Institut für Biologie der Universität Graz. „Auf eine Verteidigungstaktik eines Tieres reagiert ein Widersacher mit einer Gegenwaffe.“ So also auch die Krötenechse, wie Erstautorin und Uni-Graz-Kollegin Ismene Fertschai, Chagnaud sowie Kollegen aus Tucson (USA) und Tübingen (D) zeigten. „Die Echse drückt mit der Zunge auf das Insekt, dreht es auf dem Rücken in das Maul und verpackt es in einen Schleim, der die Beute außer Gefecht setzt und den Giftapparat neutralisiert“, schildern die beiden WissenschafterInnen.

Das Forschungsergebnis wurde samt eindrucksvollem Videobeweis auf der Plattform Biology Open publiziert.

>> Video

created by Andreas Schweiger

Related news

Career Booster: How the Research Careers Campus supports researchers

They are innovative, creative and productive – researchers who have not yet been appointed to a professorship make a massive contribution to a university’s research output. To provide them with even better support on their career path, the University of Graz has established the Research Careers Campus. The official launch took place on 22 April 2026 with a ‘festival’.

Greenery on the rise: over 500 new flowers, perennials and shrubs on campus

Bright blooms and fresh greenery make our hearts beat faster in spring. But it is not just us humans who delight in this colourful growth. For many animals, this splendour provides, above all, food and habitat. There has recently been an increase in this on the University of Graz campus. More than 500 native flowers, perennials and shrubs have been planted on strips of fallow land around Universitätsplatz 2.

Around the world in eight stops: the Long Night of Research at the University of Graz

On 24 April from 5 pm, you can take a short trip around the globe at the University of Graz, discovering pecularities of foreign countries or new local features in the entrance hall of the University Library. The itinerary takes you through introduced animal species, political attitudes and the omnipotence of algorithms. There will also be a programme in the historic reading hall, as well as at the UniGraz@Museum and the University Archive.

Building biological bridges: Chemist discovers an ecological tool for the pharmaceutical industry

Building a relationship on a solid foundation is also important in chemistry. To produce medicines, disinfectants or plant protection products, stable bonds between carbon atoms must be formed. Conventional chemical methods rely on environmentally harmful reagents and solvents to carry out the desired reaction. This process also produces unusable by-products. Chemist Lilla Gal has discovered an enzyme that enables the same process to take place efficiently and sustainably. The results of her research were recently published in the prestigious journal Angewandte Chemie.

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