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University of Graz News Schnelle Reaktion dank „Präzisions-Protein“

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Tuesday, 16 August 2016

Schnelle Reaktion dank „Präzisions-Protein“

Illustration der Neurotransmitter Freisetzung. Quelle: Dr. Alexander Matthias Walter

Illustration der Neurotransmitter Freisetzung über Unc13A und Unc13B. Unc13A wird in einem Abstand von 70 nm von der Kalziumquelle (Cac; blau) durch Bruchpilot (BRP; grün) und RBP (rot) positioniert. Unc13B (orange) wird in einem größeren Abstand von 120 nm positioniert. Der Farbübergang von dunkel- zu hellblau im Hintergrund kennzeichnet unterschiedlich hohe Kalziumkonzentrationen, die von Vesikel detektiert werden. Quelle: Dr. Alexander Matthias Walter

WissenschafterInnen gewinnen neue Erkenntnisse zur Kommunikation zwischen Nervenzellen

Ob wir Autofahren oder Fußball spielen – in vielen Situationen müssen wir blitzschnell auf äußere Reize reagieren. Doch wie wird gewährleistet, dass die Signalübertragung zwischen den Nervenzellen unseres Körpers in Sekundenbruchteilen geschieht? WissenschafterInnen der Freien Universität Berlin, der Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin und des Leibniz-Institutes für Molekulare Pharmakologie haben jetzt im Rahmen eines internationalen Forschungsverbundes einen wichtigen Beitrag zur Aufklärung dieses Mechanismus geleistet. Sie fanden heraus, dass ein bestimmtes Protein (Unc13A) an den Verbindungsstellen der Nervenzellen – den Synapsen – für eine extrem präzise molekulare „Verknüpfung“ sorgt und damit für die ultraschnelle Weiterleitung der Reize verantwortlich ist.
In dem internationalen Projekt haben auch ForscherInnen der Arbeitsgruppe um Univ.-Prof. Ulrich Stelzl vom Institut für Pharmazeutische Wissenschaften an der Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, molekulare Protein-Wechselwirkungsexperimente durchgeführt, die den Berliner Neurobiologen bei der Interpretation Ihrer experimentellen Daten sehr hilfreich waren.

Die Ergebnisse, die nun in der Fachzeitschrift „Nature Neuroscience“ publiziert wurden, erlauben Einblicke in die Prinzipien, mit denen Synapsen auf molekularer Ebene und mit hoher Genauigkeit Signalübertagung räumlich und zeitlich optimieren.

>> Pressemeldung der Freien Universität Berlin

created by Stabsstelle Presse und Kommunikation Freie Universität Berlin

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Jurassic Sounds: Biologist reconstructs insect songs from 165 million years ago

It was apparently not just the roars of the dinosaurs that made up the soundscape of the animal world during the Jurassic period. Crickets and grasshoppers communicated through a variety of songs and high-pitched sounds, as Thorin Jonsson from the Institute of Biology at the University of Graz discovered together with colleagues from the universities of Lincoln, Bristol (UK), Beijing (China) and Tempe (USA). The findings on what are so far the oldest traces of sound on Earth have just been published in the journal PNAS.

EU funding boosts international exchange between universities

The University of Graz is further expanding its international study opportunities through the European university alliance Arqus and is taking the lead in two key projects. In future, students will benefit from even more joint degree programmes and from simplified recognition of academic achievements through the Joint European Degree Label.

Rescue and risks: Researchers have surveyed public perceptions of AI

The use of artificial intelligence has had to be made transparent since 2 August 2026. The EU’s AI Act, which has been in force since then, also sets out how risky an application is and which security measures apply as a result. However, the assessment of risks by the legislation differs in some cases significantly from the perceptions of the Austrian public. This is the finding of a representative study carried out by data scientist Stefan Thalmann from the University of Graz and his team.

The Healing Sea: Researchers discover new approaches to treating chronic inflammation in sponges

Chronic inflammation plays a key role in many diseases, ranging from metabolic disorders and cardiovascular diseases to tissue damage following injuries or infections. “Normally, the body is able to resolve inflammation on its own. If this process becomes unbalanced, immune cells remain permanently active and continue to drive negative changes in the tissue,” explains Andreas Koeberle, a pharmacist at the University of Graz.

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