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University of Graz News Natürlich heilsam

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Thursday, 19 March 2015

Natürlich heilsam

Neu entdeckt: Der Stoff Isosilybin A aus der Mariendistel (Silybum marianum) wirkt unter anderem entzündungshemmend. Foto: Curtis Clark/Wikimedia Commons

Neu entdeckt: Der Stoff Isosilybin A aus der Mariendistel (Silybum marianum) wirkt unter anderem entzündungshemmend. Foto: Curtis Clark/Wikimedia Commons

PharmazeutInnen der Uni Graz entdecken neue pflanzliche Wirkstoffe gegen Entzündungen im Herz-Kreislauf-System

Entzündungsprozesse sind Teil zahlreicher Erkrankungen, unter anderem der Atherosklerose, der Fettsucht oder auch der Typ II-Diabetes. Univ.-Prof. Dr. Rudolf Bauer hat mit seiner Arbeitsgruppe am Institut für Pharmazeutische Wissenschaften der Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz in Pflanzen aus der Traditionellen Chinesischen Medizin (TCM) bisher ungenutzte, vielversprechende Wirkstoffkandidaten gegen Entzündungen insbesondere im Herz-Kreislauf-System entdeckt. Die bioaktiven Stoffe lassen auf neue effektive, nebenwirkungsarme Therapien hoffen.

„In der TCM gibt es knapp 200 Pflanzen, die mit Entzündungsprozessen im Herz-Kreislauf-System in Verbindung gebracht werden“, weiß Rudolf Bauer, Leiter des Instituts für Pharmazeutische Wissenschaften der Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz. Doch viele sind in Bezug auf ihre Wirkstoffe noch nicht ausreichend erforscht. Als Projektpartner in dem vom Österreichischen Wissenschaftsfonds FWF geförderten Nationalen Forschungsnetzwerk „DNTI – Drugs from Nature Targeting Inflammation“ hat sich der TCM-Experte mit seinem Team auf die Suche nach neuen bioaktiven Naturstoffen gemacht. Die Grazer PharmazeutInnen haben Extrakte aus 79 Pflanzenarten gewonnen, die dann von KollegInnen der Universität Wien getestet wurden.

Gemeinsam untersuchten die ForscherInnen die molekularen Wirkungsmechanismen der Naturstoffe und identifizierten einige vielversprechende Substanzen. „Wir konnten zeigen, dass Polyacetylenderivate aus der Gebirgsangelikawurzel (Notopterygium incisum), Isosilybin A aus der Mariendistel (Silybum marianum) und oxidierte Fettsäuren aus Waldreben (Clematis) den intrazellulären Rezeptor PPAR gamma aktivieren“, berichtet Rudolf Bauer. „Dies bewirkt neben einer Entzündungshemmung eine Verbesserung des Glucosestoffwechsels sowie der Insulinsensitivität und steigert die Aufnahme freier Fettsäuren. Damit sinkt auch das Atherosklerose-Risiko“, so Bauer.

Die Arbeiten der Grazer PharmazeutInnen sind im Forschungsschwerpunkt „Molekulare Enzymologie und Physiologie“ der Karl-Franzens-Universität verankert.

created by Gudrun Pichler

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