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University of Graz News Leben im All

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Tuesday, 10 March 2020

Leben im All

Gibt es Leben abseits der Erde? PhysikerInnen der Universität Graz halten das für wahrscheinlich. Foto: Pixabay

Gibt es Leben abseits der Erde? PhysikerInnen der Universität Graz halten das für wahrscheinlich. Foto: Pixabay

PhysikerInnen der Universität Graz weisen günstige Bedingungen auf Exoplanet nach

Bekommen wir einmal Besuch von Aliens? Das können die ForscherInnen der Universität Graz nicht vorhersagen. Aber das Team rund um Arnold Hanslmeier vom Institut für Physik wies nach, dass Leben außerhalb unseres Sonnensystems möglich ist. Zumindest der erdnächste Exoplanet Proxima Centauri b, der den Stern Proxima Centauri als „Sonne“ umkreist, ist für Mikroorganismen bewohnbar. Ausschlaggebend dafür ist ein ausreichender Schutz vor schädlicher UV-Strahlung.
„Diese Strahlung ist ein wesentlicher Faktor, der Leben, wie wir es kennen, auf der Oberfläche von Planeten beeinflusst“, fasst Hanslmeier zusammen. Unterschiedliche Wellenlängen des ultravioletten Lichts werden von der Atmosphäre eines Himmelskörpers verschieden stark absorbiert. Die Grazer PhysikerInnen haben die Auswirkungen der Strahlung unter mehreren Bedingungen für den Planeten Proxima Centauri b berechnet. Selbst in einem Worst-Case-Szenario – ohne UV-Schutz durch eine Atmosphäre und während einer starken Strahleneruption des zentralen Sterns – könnte ein Teil der Mikroorganismen weiterhin existieren. „Unsere Studie zeigt, dass bestimmte Organismen mit wesentlich extremeren Bedingungen zurechtkommen können, als wir sie auf der Erde finden“, beschreibt Hanslmeier. Das bedeutet auch, dass Leben auf anderen Exoplaneten wahrscheinlicher ist, als bisher angenommen. Die Chance für uns Menschen, mit Aliens Kontakt aufzunehmen, bleibt allerdings gering: „Die Reise zu Proxima Centauri b würde mit modernster Raumflugtechnik etwa 6000 Jahre dauern“, rechnet der Astrophysiker vor.

Die Forschungsergebnisse wurden kürzlich in den Monthly Notices of the Royal Academy of Sciences veröffentlicht.

 

created by Dagmar Eklaude

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It was apparently not just the roars of the dinosaurs that made up the soundscape of the animal world during the Jurassic period. Crickets and grasshoppers communicated through a variety of songs and high-pitched sounds, as Thorin Jonsson from the Institute of Biology at the University of Graz discovered together with colleagues from the universities of Lincoln, Bristol (UK), Beijing (China) and Tempe (USA). The findings on what are so far the oldest traces of sound on Earth have just been published in the journal PNAS.

EU funding boosts international exchange between universities

The University of Graz is further expanding its international study opportunities through the European university alliance Arqus and is taking the lead in two key projects. In future, students will benefit from even more joint degree programmes and from simplified recognition of academic achievements through the Joint European Degree Label.

Rescue and risks: Researchers have surveyed public perceptions of AI

The use of artificial intelligence has had to be made transparent since 2 August 2026. The EU’s AI Act, which has been in force since then, also sets out how risky an application is and which security measures apply as a result. However, the assessment of risks by the legislation differs in some cases significantly from the perceptions of the Austrian public. This is the finding of a representative study carried out by data scientist Stefan Thalmann from the University of Graz and his team.

The Healing Sea: Researchers discover new approaches to treating chronic inflammation in sponges

Chronic inflammation plays a key role in many diseases, ranging from metabolic disorders and cardiovascular diseases to tissue damage following injuries or infections. “Normally, the body is able to resolve inflammation on its own. If this process becomes unbalanced, immune cells remain permanently active and continue to drive negative changes in the tissue,” explains Andreas Koeberle, a pharmacist at the University of Graz.

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