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University of Graz News Gut oder böse?

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Thursday, 13 June 2013

Gut oder böse?

Uni Graz-ForscherInnen erforschen Mechanismen in der Zelle. Foto: Madl.

Uni Graz-ForscherInnen erforschen Mechanismen in der Zelle. Foto: Madl.

ForscherInnen der Uni Graz klären die Funktion von Freien Radikalen im Zellstoffwechsel auf

Freie Sauerstoffradikale sind aggressive Moleküle, die großen Schaden anrichten können, indem sie unkontrolliert chemische Reaktionen eingehen. Sie spielen bei der Alterung und auch bei der Entstehung vieler Krankheiten – wie zum Beispiel Krebs – eine zentrale Rolle. Radikale sind aber auch wichtig für das normale Funktionieren von Zellen im Organismus – sie initiieren ein Signal, das wiederum jene Gene aktiviert, die Zellen vor schädlichen äußeren Einflüssen schützen. Unter der Mitarbeit von Dr. Tobias Madl vom Institut für Chemie der Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz konnte nun ein internationales ForscherInnenteam die molekularen Mechanismen aufklären, die zeigen, wie Radikale die Gene aktivieren. Die Arbeit wurde in der aktuellen Ausgabe der renommierten Fachzeitschrift „Molecular Cell“ publiziert.



Unkontrollierte Zellteilung und Schäden in der Zelle sind die Hauptursachen von Krebs und altersbedingten Krankheiten wie Alzheimer und Parkinson. WissenschafterInnen konnten nun zeigen, dass Sauerstoffradikale eine bestimmte Klasse von Proteinen – sogenannte FOXO Transkriptionsfaktoren – anregen. „Die Proteine sammeln sich im Zellkern an und aktivieren eine Reihe von Genen, die dafür sorgen, dass sich die Zelle nicht mehr teilt und sich somit gegen Schäden schützt“, erklärt Madl. Der von ihm und dem Forschungsteam entdeckte Mechanismus ermöglicht es nun erstmalig, diesen Selbstschutzmechanismus der Zelle zu verstehen. „Mit diesem Wissen können neue Ansätze entwickelt und so eine Reihe von Krebsarten und altersbedingten Krankheiten bekämpft werden“, führt der Chemiker aus.



Der Grazer Tobias Madl forscht an der Universität Graz sowie an der Technischen Universität München und am Helmholtz Zentrum München. Seine Forschungsgruppe arbeitet auf dem Gebiet der Strukturbiologie. Ziel der Vorhaben ist es, die grundlegenden molekularen Mechanismen der Wechselwirkungen unstrukturierter Proteine aufzuklären und damit Einblick in die komplizierte Verbindung zwischen deren Funktion und Krankheiten zu erhalten.



Publikation:
Redox-Dependent Control of FOXO/DAF-16 by Transportin-1,
Putker Marrit, Madl Tobias, Vos Harmjan, de Ruiter Hester, Visscher Marieke, van den Berg MC, Kaplan Mohammed, Korswagen HC, Boelens Rolf, Vermeulen Michiel, Burgering Boudewijn, Dansen Tobias,
Molecular Cell 21. Februar 2013


Online verfügbar unter http://www.cell.com/molecular-cell/abstract/S1097-2765%2812%2901050-7
 

Rückfragen:
Dr. Tobias Madl
Institut für Chemie, Bereich Organische und Bioorganische Chemie
Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz
Tel.: 0316 / 380 – 5340
Mobil: 0699 12182896
E-Mail: tobias.madl(at)uni-graz.at

created by Tobias Madl & Konstantinos Tzivanopoulos

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