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University of Graz News Krallen zeigen

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Thursday, 13 February 2020

Krallen zeigen

Angepasst an den felsigen Lebensraum: So wie sich Milben am Untergrund festhalten, könnten sich auch Roboter auf der Suche nach Erdbebenopfern in den Trümmern zerstörter Häuser fortbewegen. Foto: Uni Graz/Pfingstl

Angepasst an den felsigen Lebensraum: So wie sich Milben am Untergrund festhalten, könnten sich auch Roboter auf der Suche nach Erdbebenopfern in den Trümmern zerstörter Häuser fortbewegen. Foto: Uni Graz/Pfingstl

BiologInnen der Uni Graz untersuchen Milben als mögliche Vorbilder für Roboter

Je nachdem, welchen Untergrund sie bewohnen, haben Milben in Küstenregionen unterschiedliche Krallenformen entwickelt. Das konnte Biologe Tobias Pfingstl mit seinen KollegInnen nun erstmals zeigen. Die Tierchen, die felsige Gegenden bewohnen, haben robustere, stärker gekrümmte Krallen, jene in Mangroven-Gebieten schlanke, weniger gekrümmte. „Bei Arten, die in mehreren Lebensräumen vorkommen, haben wir Mischformen beobachtet“, ergänzt Pfingstl.
Die Studienergebnisse erscheinen in der heutigen Ausgabe des Open-Access-Journals PeerJ und sind auch für technische Entwicklungen von Bedeutung.
Für Gliederfüßer – die 80 Prozent der Tiere der Welt ausmachen – wurde dieser Zusammenhang zwischen Krallenform und Lebensraum erstmals gezeigt. „Die Erkenntnisse über Milben lassen sich vermutlich auf Insekten und verschiedenste Spinnentiere anwenden“, schildert der Biologe. Hoch interessant sind diese Forschungsergebnisse auch für die Bionik. „Es werden Roboter entwickelt, die Wände erklimmen oder in Erdbebengebieten in Hohlräume vordringen sollen. Die Natur liefert gute Vorbilder für die krallenartigen Strukturen, mithilfe derer sie sich fortbewegen und festhalten könnten“, erklärt Pfingstl.
Da bislang noch wenig über die Krallenformen der Spinnentiere bekannt ist, möchte er mit seinem Team die Forschung weiter ausbauen.

Publikation:
Pfingstl T., Kerschbaumer M., Shimano S.: „Get a grip – evolution of claw shape in relation to microhabitat use in intertidal arthropods (Acari, Oribatida). PeerJ 8:e8488

 

Markante Krallen: Tobias Pfingstl analysiert, mit welchem Fußwerkzeug sich Milben an felsigen oder weichen Untergründen festhalten. Foto: Uni Graz/Pfingstl
Markante Krallen: Tobias Pfingstl analysiert, mit welchem Fußwerkzeug sich Milben an felsigen oder weichen Untergründen festhalten. Foto: Uni Graz/Pfingstl
created by Dagmar Eklaude

Related news

Jurassic Sounds: Biologist reconstructs insect songs from 165 million years ago

It was apparently not just the roars of the dinosaurs that made up the soundscape of the animal world during the Jurassic period. Crickets and grasshoppers communicated through a variety of songs and high-pitched sounds, as Thorin Jonsson from the Institute of Biology at the University of Graz discovered together with colleagues from the universities of Lincoln, Bristol (UK), Beijing (China) and Tempe (USA). The findings on what are so far the oldest traces of sound on Earth have just been published in the journal PNAS.

EU funding boosts international exchange between universities

The University of Graz is further expanding its international study opportunities through the European university alliance Arqus and is taking the lead in two key projects. In future, students will benefit from even more joint degree programmes and from simplified recognition of academic achievements through the Joint European Degree Label.

Rescue and risks: Researchers have surveyed public perceptions of AI

The use of artificial intelligence has had to be made transparent since 2 August 2026. The EU’s AI Act, which has been in force since then, also sets out how risky an application is and which security measures apply as a result. However, the assessment of risks by the legislation differs in some cases significantly from the perceptions of the Austrian public. This is the finding of a representative study carried out by data scientist Stefan Thalmann from the University of Graz and his team.

The Healing Sea: Researchers discover new approaches to treating chronic inflammation in sponges

Chronic inflammation plays a key role in many diseases, ranging from metabolic disorders and cardiovascular diseases to tissue damage following injuries or infections. “Normally, the body is able to resolve inflammation on its own. If this process becomes unbalanced, immune cells remain permanently active and continue to drive negative changes in the tissue,” explains Andreas Koeberle, a pharmacist at the University of Graz.

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