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Thursday, 31 October 2024

Wie weiblich sind Politiker? Studie zeigt Wirkung von geschlechtergerechter Sprache

aufgesprühter Schriftzug ":INNEN" auf grauen Fliesen ©FMI Fotografie Webdesign & Gaming

Gendern bringt's: Weibliche Formen rufen Frauen eher ins Gedächtnis als männliche oder neutrale, belegt eine Studie der Uni Graz

Eine groß angelegte Erhebung unter der Leitung von Psycholog:innen der Universität Graz verdeutlicht, dass Gendern Frauen besser ins Gedächtnis ruft. Die Ergebnisse wurden in der International Review of Psychology publiziert.

„Nennen Sie drei bekannte Schauspieler!“, war eine Aufgabe, die das Team um Hilmar Brohmer und Gabriela Hofer den über 2500 Studienteilnehmer:innen im deutschen Sprachraum stellte. Genannt bekamen die Forscher:innen daraufhin im Schnitt weniger als einen Frauennamen. Fragten sie hingegen nach drei PolitikerInnen oder Künstler*innen, waren bis zu 1,4 weibliche Vertreterinnen unter den Antworten. Bei neutralen Formulierungen wie „Personen aus dem Sport“ lagen die Ergebnisse dazwischen.

„Diese Untersuchung bestätigt, dass die Menschen beim sogenannten generischen Maskulinum, das beide Geschlechter einschließen sollte, in erster Linie an Männer denken – zumindest bei prominenten Persönlichkeiten“, fasst Hilmar Brohmer zusammen. Doppelpunkt oder Gender-Stern hingegen machen Frauen präsenter. „Kritiker:innen befürchten, dass geschlechterinklusive Sprache Frauen in den Mittelpunkt stellt. Das konnten wir widerlegen“, ergänzt Hofer. Selbst bei Formulierungen mit Binnen-I, die zu den meisten Nennungen weiblicher Vertreter:innen führte, wurden in etwa ebenso viele Männer wie Frauen angegeben.

Die Forscher:innen bezogen die politische Einstellung der Proband:innen sowie ihre Meinung darüber, ob bestimmte Berufe typisch männlich oder weiblich seien, in die Auswertung mit ein. „Der Effekt des Genderns blieb über alle Gruppen hinweg stabil“, merkt Brohmer an.

 

Die Studie war eine Zusammenarbeit mehrerer Universitäten, die eine ähnliche Untersuchung aus dem Jahr 2001 wiederholte. Zum Zweck der wissenschaftlichen Transparenz stellen die Forscher:innen alle Daten und Materialien offen zur Verfügung.

Publikation:
Brohmer, H., Hofer, G., Bauch, S. A., Beitner, J., Berkessel, J. B., Corcoran, K., Garcia, D., Gruber, F. M., Giuliani, F., Jauk, E., Krammer, G., Malkoc, S., Metzler, H., Mües, H. M., Otto, K., Rahal, R.-M., Salwender, M., Sczesny, S., Stahlberg, D., Wehrt, W., & Athenstaedt, U.: Effects of the generic masculine and its alternatives in Germanophone countries: Multi-lab replication and extension of Stahlberg, Sczesny, and Braun (2001). International Review of Social Psychology, 37(1).

Daten und Materialien:
Brohmer, H., & Hofer, G. (2022). Dataset for: Effects of the Generic Masculine and its Alternatives in Germanophone countries. PsychArchives.

created by Dagmar Eklaude

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PhD student Saumya Sadhu has launched the "Human Chapters" initiative to bring people together at online events on the topic of diversity at universities. Interested parties can ‘look up’ certain chapters like in a book by exchanging ideas directly with like-minded people in digital spaces.

30 years after Srebrenica: Heike Karge supports forces for reconciliation

This year marks the thirtieth anniversary of the Srebrenica massacre in Bosnia. To this day, Serbia and the Republika Srpska refuse to characterise the killing of more than 8,000 Bosnian Muslims as genocide. Those in power lack the will to come to terms with the atrocities. There is hope from strong forces in civil society who want to make a process of reconciliation possible by documenting war crimes across national and ethnic boundaries. Heike Karge, Professor of Southeast European History at the University of Graz, supports them in joint research projects, among other things.

Styrian Economic Chamber awards scholarships to three students at the University of Graz

In their Master's theses, Daniela Pinter, Elena Pusca and Leonie Sayer are focussing on topics that are of particular importance to the economy. On 1 July 2025, the students from the University of Graz each received a research grant of 2,100 euros from the Styrian Economic Chamber. In addition, 500 euros each will go to the institutes where the theses are supervised.

Signals from the roots: how the plant hormone cytokinin influences flowering

Many do it in spring, others wait a little longer and some really get going in winter – when a plant begins to flower is controlled by various internal and external signals. In a study published in the renowned scientific journal Plant Physiology, researchers at the University of Graz were able to clarify the role played by the hormone cytokinin in this process. The findings are also interesting with regard to the breeding of crops for agriculture. In view of changing climatic conditions, adjustments to the start of flowering could help to secure yields.

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